Marcel waver



June 1, 1.935

A. J. 'JIIANDA 2,005,465

MARCEL WAVER Filed NOV. 16, 1928 Patented June 18, 1935 PATENT OQFFHQE MARCEL WAVER Anna J. Janda, Chicago, 111., assignor to John J. Ryan, Chicago, Ill.

Application November 16, 1928, Serial No. 319,770

11 Claims.

My invention relates to a structure adapted to be'placedon ahead of hair to facilitate the formation of Marcel waves in the hair and one of the objects of the present invention is the provision 51' of an improved and eificient structure for this purpose.

A further-object of the invention is to simplify aMarcel'waver by having the front frame member appoximately circular in contour without any serpentine formation therein.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a bonnet-like'structure having more'uniformly spaced'intermediate members to secure more uniformly spaced dividing lines between the waves of v the hair.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, tli'e novel features and combinations being set forth in'the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the invention for the "production of the ordinary Marcel wave; and Fig. 2-is a perspective view of a modification.

' To accomplishthe various objects of the inventiongI provide a bonnet-likestructure adapted to r fit over the headof hair as shownin Fig. 1. This bonnet likestructure comprises a front frame member 3 which is approximately circular in contour SQ-aS tofit over the forehead and down the sides of the face. It should be particularly noted that this front frame member is simple in construction in that no serpentine formation is includedi This front-frame member may be composed of resilient wire covered by winding with silk or cotton thread.

areconnected to; a horizontal U-shaped member comprising two-portions 4 'and '5" connected together at 6. The horizontal U-shaped neck membencomprising the portions land 5 encircles the rear'of the nape of the neck.

P diate U-shaped members are connected at 8 to the frontface'member by being coiled around the wire formingthe front face member 3.

A binding member 9 extends from the rear centralporti'on of the neck member to therear central portionofjthe uppermost U--shaped member l' theupper end'of the binding member 9 being connectedzat lfi by being coiled around the rear central portion" of the uppermost U-shaped member], This binding member 9 may be connected at 'the-"points'designated II to the rear The lower ends of the front frame member '3 central portions of the horizontal U-shaped members 'l by means of the tape or other material with which the binding member 9 is covered.

In order to space more uniformly the Marcel wave dividing lines, I have provided two additional division members l2, l2 connected at their rear ends at l3, E3 to the rear central portion of the uppermost U-shaped member 1 by coiling the'wire ends of the members 12 around the wire of the uppermost U-shaped member 1. The front ends of the members l2, l2 are similarly looped around the wire front frame member 3 at- M, M;

The binding member 9 may merge into both the neck member and the front face member'by the use of a single piece of wire connected at one end at and formed into the binding member 9; then into the portion 4, after which it merges into the front face member 3, and finally into the portion 5, the other end of the wire being connected at 6 between the portion 4 and the binding member 9. While a single piece of wire may be used for the front frame member, the neck member and the binding member 9, I have shown separate wires for each of the horizontal spacedapart U-shaped members i and the top members [2-, I2. 7

The wires are all permanently connected together and are composed'of such material as will have sufficient resiliency and flexibility to fit the head of hair and press the same against the head along the dividing lines between the Marcel waves desired. It will thus be seen that the single bonnet-like structure has the various wires thereof permanently connected together to form the front frame member 3 which is adapted to fit across the upper portion of the forehead and extend down in direct lines along the sides of the face of the person using the device. The lowermost horizontal U-shaped portion which extends around the nape of the neck co-acts with the interior frame members 1 and the binding wire 9 and the frontinverted U-shapedframe member 3 to'form a structure which may be placed over the" hair in the same manner that a bonnet is placed over a persons head, the front inverted U-shaped member 3 and the horizontal U-shaped member extending around the nape of the neck corresponding to the contours of the front edges and lower edges of a bonnet. The structure shown being a single structure permanently connected and being composed of resilient Wires may be placed 'on a head with the assurance that it will have a sufficiently tight fit to remain in place not only when a pointed instrument is being used to form the undulations of the hair,'but also to hold the hair in place during the maroelling period.

All of the wires forming the bonnet-like structure shown in Fig. 1 may be completely covered with one or more layers of cotton or silk thread. In addition, the front face member 3, the neck member and the binding member 9 may be wound with tape, including the looped connections [3, l3, so as to assist in holding these loops and the loops at i4, i4 and 8, 8 in their proper places on the wires to which they are connected. If such tape is used, it may be relied on to bind the upright binding member 9 at H, l l to the rear portions of the horizontal U-shaped members 1 between the neck member and the uppermost U- shaped member. Ribbons [5, I5 may baconnected atifi, Hi tothe lower ends of the face member 3 and the forward ends of the neck member so that these ribbons may be tied together as shown in Fig. l to assist in holding the structure tightly against the head, when desired.

To Marcel the hair by use of the structure shown in Fig. l, the hair may be dampened or slightly moistened after which the maroelling device is placed on the head in the position illustrated in Fig. 1. After this has been done a pointed instrument indicated at H may be inserted beneath the hair between theadjacent intermediate frame members 7. After this instrument has been sufficiently inserted it may be raised while in inserted position to project portions of the hair away from the head above the frame members 1. This may be repeated for raising the hair into waves between the various wires 1 which act as-dividing lines between the waves. By having the wires 1 and I2 uniformly spaced from one side of the head around the top to the other side, uniform undulations may be produced. After these undulations have been formed by means of the pointed instrument I! the bonnet-like structure is permitted to remain on the head and may be tied down by means of the ribbons l5, 15 as shown inFig. 1. Thebonnet-like structure is permitted to remain on the hair until the latter is thoroughly dry, after which such structure may be removed to leave the undulations properly defined.

In the form shown in Fig. 2, the front frame member 3 is of inverted U-shape and approximately circular in contour without any serpentine formation and the spaced-apart horizontal U-shaped members I and their ends connected at spaced-apart points 8, 8 to the frame member 3, the ends of the members 1 being looped around the wire 3 for this purpose. The uppermost U- shaped member 1 is of less depth measured from the top of the forehead back than the uppermost U-shaped member I in Fig. 1 and therefore the binding member 9 extends to a higher position before it is connected by looping at I 0 to the rear portion of the wire I. No division wires at all are used in this form between the rear portion of the wire I and the top of the wire 3. That is to say, the space bounded by the wire 1' in Fig. 2 is of much less area at the top of the head than the space bounded by the uppermost wire 'I' in Fig. 1, consequently the wires l2, [2 of Fig. 1 may be omitted in the form shown in Fig. 2. It will also be seen that while in Fig. 1 there are fivehorizontal U-shaped members 1, in Fig. 2 seven may be used spaced about the same as in Fig. 1, except the lowermost, the ends of which are preferably adjacent'the ends of the U-shaped members i immediately above.

As in'Fig. 1, so also in Fig. 2, the binding wire 9', the neck member and the front face member 3 may be composed of a single wire, one end of which is connected at ID to the wire 1' and the other end of which is connected at 6 to a bend or angle of the portion 4 of the neck member.

It should also be understood that the neck member comprising the portions 4 and 5 does not extend back as far as the upper U-shaped portions 1. The binding member 9 is-curved so as to fit the contour of the head and the lengths of the various U-shaped wires 1 are correspondingly arranged.

The resiliency of the wires may vary with the material of which they are composed and when the bonnet like structure fits the head of the person as desired the wires 1 and 1' will have the necessary pressure to hold the hair in place. However, it is preferable not to have the wires of spring material, but of sufiiciently soft material so that the user may bend the wires, particularly the neck wire and the face wire, to secure a close fit of the structure against the hair on the head.

When the wires are composed of such soft material as to permit the wearer to bend the wires into proper shape without destroying their resiliency the ribbons i5 may be used to assist such resil-.

iency in holding the device in place against the hair on the head. However, it should be under stood that other material than metal, such as celluloid, or the like, having the desired resiliency may be used for the various members.

Obviously those skilled inthe art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims heretoappended and I wish therefore not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus fully disclosed an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a hair Marcel waver, the combination with a front face member inverted U-shaped in contour, of a horizontal U-shaped neck member connected to and merging into said front face member, spaced-apart horizontal U-shaped intermediate members to serve as division lines between the undulations of hair raised from the head between said intermediate members, and

a binding member connected to the horizontal neck member and intermediate members but not to the front face member.

2. In a hair Marcel waver, the combination with an upright inverted U-shaped front face member, of a horizontal U-shaped neck member connected at its ends to the lower ends of said face member, spaced-apart horizontal U- shaped members above the said neck member and having their ends connected to said face member, and a binding back member'connectedto the intermediate portion of said neck member and the intermediate portions of said spacedapart members without being connected to said face member.

3. The method of assembling 9. Marcel waver which consists in forming from a single length of wire an inverted U-shaped member,a U-shaped neck member and an upright binding member, connecting the ends of a plurality of U-shaped division members to said first named U-shaped member at spaced-apart points to effect a spacedapart relation between the division members, and, connecting the said binding member to said division members to maintain said'spaced-apart relation. I

4. A hair maroelling frame comprising a plurality of spaced-apart U-shaped intermediate members adapted to fit against the hair to define division lines between waves, and inverted horseshoe shape front frame member, a U-shaped neck member, an upright back binding member, and means for connecting together the aforesaid members into such frame, the front frame member, the neck member, and the back binding member being composed of a single length of flexible material.

5. A hair waving structure comprising an upright inverted straight U-shaped front member, a plurality of division members all of which are U-shaped and having their free ends connected to the front member, a U-shape neck member connected to the front member, and an additional member connecting said second named member and said neck member.

6. A hair waving structure comprising a one piece member forming a front member and a neck member, a plurality of division members each of which is U-shaped and having their free ends connected to the front member, an additional member connecting the U-shaped division members and the neck member, and a binding tape around the front member and the neck member and holding the free ends of the division members to the front member.

7. A hair waver comprising a face-embracing frame member, a neck-encircling frame member, spaced ribs attached to some of said frame members, and a winding arranged about said frame members and the attached ends of said ribs in such a manner as to maintain the spaced relation of the ribs.

8. A hair waver comprising a face-embracingv face-embracing frame member and in engagement with the crest member, and a winding arranged about the frame in such a manner as to maintain the spacing of the attached ends and the contacting parts.

9. A hair waver comprising a horseshoe shaped face-embracing frame membeigspaced ribs yieldingiy attached at their opposite ends to opposite sides of said frame member and forming bows extending each to a posterior position, and a winding upon the said frame member so arranged as to maintain the spaced relation of the ribs the whole continuing the flexibility of connection.

10. In a hair waver, a frame member, a member connected with the frame member by loops formed about said frame member, and a winding about said frame member and knotted about said loops adapted to maintain said loops against opening and in initial positions relative to the frame member.

11. In a hair waver, a frame member, other members connected with said frame member, and a cushioning material enclosing said frame member engaging the connected members and maintaining them in spaced relation to each other.

ANNA J. JANDA. 

